Peer Responses:
Length: A minimum of 275 words per post, not including references
Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA per post from within the last 5 years
To assess the patient’s cognitive function, I would perform a thorough evaluation including a medical history review, physical examination, and cognitive function testing (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020). A cognitive function test such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) can be used to assess memory, attention, language, and other cognitive abilities. Additionally, this test can be repeated yearly to evaluate trends. Blood tests such as CBC, Vit B12, TSH, free T4, and CMP could assist the provider in ruling out reversible causes of dementia. Additionally, imaging studies like MRI, CT, carotid doppler studies, and echocardiogram could rule out other causes of the memory impairment (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020).
Differential diagnoses:
Mild Cognitive Impairment: memory difficulties are present but the patient is still able to function in daily life (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020).
Alzheimer’s Disease: This is the most common cause of dementia in older adults and is characterized by a gradual decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning skills (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020).
Vascular Dementia: This occurs when the blood vessels in the brain become damaged, leading to cognitive decline. It is often characterized by a step-wise decline in cognitive function (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020).
Initial treatment plan: Treatment depends on the severity and the cause of the memory difficulties (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020). Treatment for Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia are aimed at slowing the progression of cognitive decline and improving quality of life. This can include medications to improve memory and cognitive function, lifestyle modifications, and support from caregivers. Treatment options include medications such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions such as cognitive stimulation and physical exercise. Referral to a specialist, such as a neurologist or geriatrician, may also be appropriate (Fenstermacher & Hudson, 2020).
Peer Responses: Length: A minimum of 275 words per post, not including reference
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