This paper will include a brief literature review and a proposal for a research

This paper will include a brief literature review and a proposal for a research study. The topic of the
literature review and proposal will be chosen by the student early in the course (Culture and race in counseling. The focus will be on how counseling has evolved with culture and race issues over time and where we plan to take this research into the future. I want to include things like poverty, locations, etc. in this report and my main goal is to shine some additional light onto POC communities and immigrants coming to America, culture shock, etc. Please be looking at different studies and tests they’ve done over the years to see if there is any improvement, or if there needs to be improvement in the future.). The literature review must demonstrate that you are able to locate and critically evaluate relevant research on your topic. The Research Proposal component of the paper will include sections on: problem statement, research hypotheses or objectives, sample and sampling procedure, ethical considerations, measurement techniques, research design, threats to validity, procedures, data analysis, and limitations of your study. The paper must be written in APA style (7th Edition). The paper should be about 10 pages in length (range 8-12), double spaced.
Title/Abstract:
1) Does the title suggest the important constructs and relationships in the study?
2) Does the abstract provide sufficient information for you to decide about whether
to read the full article?
3) Is the purpose of the study clearly stated?
4) Does the introduction make the purpose of the study easy to understand?
Introduction/Literature Review
1) Is the topic of the study introduced in terms of what is already known about the
subject?
2) Have the authors described their literature search procedures?
3) Have the authors described relevant theories? Do they propose any problems with
existing theories that they will address in their study?
4) Have conflicting findings from previous studies been discussed? Was any insight
provided as to how to explain the conflicting results?
5) Were decisions about the design and procedures of the present study justified in
terms of prior studies?
6) Were the study goals or hypotheses clearly stated?
Method—Participants
1) Can you tell if the participants were treated in an ethically enlightened manner?
2) Was the study reviewed by an ethics committee/board (IRB)?
3) Is there a clear explanation of why these particular participants were sampled?
4) Did the authors explain how they selected the participants?
5) Were the participants randomly selected (chosen) from a sample or population?
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6) Were the participants randomly assigned to a condition (like treatment or
control)?
7) Did the authors explain why the picked a particular number of participants (e.g., a
power or precision analysis)?
8) Is there any evidence of bias due to poor sampling or non-response (missing
data)? Are details of non-participants or dropouts given?
Method—Design
1) Was a specific research design named (like an experiment, quasi-experiment or
survey)?
2) Did the authors define the variables?
3) If this is an intervention study, has the treatment been clearly described?
Method—Measures
1) Are all of the instruments used well described and referenced?
2) Has reliability and validity data been presented for each instrument?
3) Are there any researcher-constructed instruments in the study? Have they been
pilot tested?
4) Does the study report the exact protocol used for obtaining measures?
5) Have scoring procedures been described? Are there any deviations from standard
scoring procedures?
Method—Data Analysis
1) Have the data analysis procedures been described in detail?
2) Do they fit the questions being asked?
3) Have assumptions of statistical tests been checked?
4) To what extent have data been explored for irregularities such as non-random
missingness and outliers?
5) How was missing data handled?
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6) Have references been given for any statistical software used?
7) Is practical or clinical significance described?
8) Are effect sizes and confidence intervals given?
9) Are exact p values provided?
10) Does it appear that the authors have “gone fishing” for results?
Results & Discussion
1) Do the study conclusions relate directly to the results, or do they range beyond the
results into speculation?
2) Do the study conclusions relate directly to the purpose and hypotheses of the
study?
3) Are the results linked in the discussion to prior knowledge?
4) Are limitations of the study discussed?
5) Have the authors given you an adequate answer to the question, “So what?”
Figures
1) Does the figure caption clearly identify the variables?
2) Are the figure axes clearly labeled?
3) Does the figure “stand alone”, or do you have to refer to text to understand it?
Tables
1) Does the title clearly indicate which variables or categories of variables are
included in the table?
2) Are the rows and columns clearly labeled?
3) Are significance tests noted?
4) Does the table “stand alone”, or do you have to refer to text to understand it?
References
1) Are the references complete and appropriately formatted?
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2) Do the references include key sources by leading researchers in the area?
Writing Style
1) Is a particular writing style consistently used (e.g., APA)?
2) What is the overall quality of the writing? (consider technical aspects of style as
well as your overall impression of the paper with regard to writing).