Dr. Fanta wants you to work on operon experiments in her lab (using parts of the

Dr. Fanta wants you to work on operon experiments in her lab (using parts of the lac operon). She provides you with an E. coli bacterium that has a lac operon that has the normal promoter and operator, but has put the human insulin gene where the beta-galactosidase and permease genes go. (HINT: remember what the normal lac operon looks like and replace the structural genes with insulin. This will help you answer the question, but don’t turn the image in. It’s to help you.)
Question 1: She wants to know what happens to the insulin levels in the cell over time after you add lactose.
Question 2: She then asks you to add maltose, a different type of disaccharide different from lactose in its bond between each individual sugar (see image below). What will happen to the insulin levels when you add Maltose to the bacteria? (2 points)
She then gives you a few mutants she wants you to test out.
Question 3: She has a mutant that lacks the promoter region for the lac operon. What will happen to the insulin levels with this mutant?
Question 4: She has another mutant that completely binds and won’t let go of the RNA polymerase to the promoter. What will happen to the insulin levels with this mutant?
Scenario 2: Dr. Pepsi runs a lab that specializes in DNA replication. She is interested in characterizing the steps in bacterial DNA replication. She has various mutants that may help her understand this process. NOTE: for the answers, don’t just say “they can’t replicate their DNA” (this is a zero score) – we know that’s the result; tell me specifically WHY it cannot.
Question 5: Mutant X has a primase enzyme that does not function. What effect does this mutation have on the bacteria’s DNA replication? Why does it have this effect?
Question 6: Mutant Y has a helicase enzyme mutation that does not function. What effect does this mutation have on the bacteria’s DNA replication?
Scenario 3: Dr. Sprite has been too busy to check if her antibiotic prescriptions are appropriate. For each question, indicate if the prescription was appropriate or not, and defend your answer with ONE sentence.
Question 7: Martha has been on dialysis to treat her sick kidneys, so she’s had kidney issues for a long time. Dr. Sprite prescribed polymyxin. Is this appropriate? Why or why not?
Question 8: Kiara has been having liver issues, but also has a bacterial infection. What two antibiotics should Dr. Sprite not prescribe? Why?